24th Feb 2012 07:00
24th February 2012
BERENDSEN PLC
Full Year results announcement
for the year ended 31st December 2011
Financial Highlights
Revenue | Up 1% to £992.0 million (2010: £986.1 million) |
Adjusted operating profit* | Up 13% to £139.8 million (£123.9 million) |
Adjusted profit before tax* | Up 15% to £111.8 million (£97.1 million) |
Adjusted earnings per share* | Up 16% to 48.4 pence (41.7 pence) |
Free cash flow | Up 23% to £93.1 million (£75.5 million) |
Return on invested capital* | Up 50bps to 7.9% (7.4%) |
Dividend per share | Up 10% to 23.4 pence (21.2 pence) |
Profit before taxation | £79.3 million (£34.6 million) |
Basic earnings per share | 33.8 pence (12.9 pence) |
* before net exceptional charges of £8.5 million (2010: £6.4 million credit and impairments and recognition of onerous contract provisions of £47.3 million) and amortisation of customer contracts of £24.0 million (£21.6 million)
Highlights
·; 8% increase in revenue in our Core Growth businesses
·; Adjusted Group operating margin increased 150bps to 14.1%
·; Strong free cash flow conversion at 114% of adjusted profit after tax
·; Good progress delivering our strategic review initiatives: new business line structure complete: capabilities strengthened in sales, procurement and HR management
Christopher Kemball, Chairman of Berendsen plc, commented:
''I am pleased to report a strong set of results for 2011 along with significant progress being made on the Group's strategic initiatives. The move to a business line structure is now complete and we have strengthened our capabilities in sales, HR and business development, as well as having developed major Group wide programmes in capital efficiency and procurement. We remain encouraged by the scope both to accelerate the development of our Core Growth businesses and to enhance the returns of our Manage for Value businesses. We finished the year with a strong balance sheet and a secure long-term funding position.
"2011 was my final full year as Chairman and I believe we enter 2012 in good shape with the benefits of our strategic initiatives already gathering momentum. While much of our top line growth is dependent upon economic activity, at this early stage, we anticipate delivering a slightly better performance in 2012 than previously expected."
For further information contact:
Berendsen Plc | FTI Consulting |
Peter Ventress, Chief Executive | Richard Mountain |
Kevin Quinn, Finance Director | Telephone 020 7269 7291 |
Telephone 020 7259 6663 |
Analyst Meeting
The company will be presenting to a meeting of analysts at 9.00am today. A live audiocast of the presentation and questions will be available on the company's website on www.berendsen.com. Questions will only be taken at the meeting.
Overview of the 12 months ended 31st December 2011
We are pleased to report a strong set of results for the Group with our adjusted operating margin increasing 150bps to 14.1%, which is a 10 year high. Group adjusted operating profit increased 13% to £139.8 million (2010: £123.9 million), which is an increase of 8% excluding the benefit of the provision we made at the end of 2010 for future losses on UK decontamination contracts. Adjusted earnings per share were 48.4p compared with 41.7p last year, an increase of 16%. The Board is recommending a final dividend of 16.0p (14.7p) bringing the total dividend to 23.4p (21.2p), an increase of 10%.
During the year we increased our focus on the delivery of cash through our capital efficiency programme and, in line with our strategic objectives, we converted more than 100% of our profits to cash. Free cash flow was 23% higher than last year at £93.1 million (£75.5 million), representing a strong cash conversion of 114% (107%) of our adjusted profit after tax. As a consequence our net debt was reduced to £513.6 million compared with £540.2 million as at 31st December 2010.
We also improved our return on invested capital by 50bps from 7.4% in 2010 to 7.9%. Increasing these returns towards double digit levels remains a key objective of our Strategic Review.
In November 2010, we presented the results of our Strategic Review and we are pleased with the progress we have made in implementing various initiatives during the course of 2011. We have strengthened our capabilities in sales, HR and business development and we have progressed major Group-wide programmes in capital efficiency and procurement. Our new business line structure is fully in place with effect from 1st January 2012 and we are now managing our operations along these business lines, which are further differentiated for capital allocation between those deemed to be Core Growth and those which we will Manage for Value. During 2011 we increased revenue by 8% in our Core Growth businesses and improved operating margins by 70 bps as we strived for greater efficiency. Measures taken already started to deliver benefits in the second half of 2011. Furthermore, whilst the aggregate revenue of our Manage for Value businesses declined by 13%, following disposals in 2010, the operating margin increased in our Flat Linen businesses outside the UK by 130 bps as we accelerated restructuring plans. We remain committed to increasing value from both segments and the reviews below discuss performance on both the previous regional basis and in the new business line segments.
On 7th December 2011 we announced that the Chairman, Christopher Kemball, plans to retire after the Annual General Meeting on 26th April 2012. The Board also announced the appointment of Iain Ferguson, currently Senior Independent Non-Executive Director of the Company, as Non-Executive Chairman upon Christopher's retirement. The Board, on behalf of all the Company, would like to thank Christopher for his excellent stewardship of Berendsen, first as Non-Executive Director and then as Chairman, over the past twelve years.
Results
Revenue increased to £992.0 million in the year, up 1% on the prior year (2010: £986.1 million). Adjusted operating profit (before exceptional items and amortisation of customer contracts) was £139.8 million, compared with £123.9 million last year, an increase of 13%. Comparisons of revenue and adjusted operating profit performance to the equivalent period last year reflect the provisioning at the end of 2010 of the estimated future losses on decontamination contracts (£4.4 million loss in 2011 and declining) and the £34.3 million acquisition of the ISS washroom activities in Denmark, Sweden and Norway in December 2010, which have performed ahead of our expectations in 2011. Partially offsetting the impact of these, was the disposal for £28.3 million of Björnkläder (the Swedish direct sales business) also in December 2010. Excluding these items and the impact of currency, underlying revenue grew 2% and adjusted operating profit grew 5%. Foreign exchange translation increased revenue and adjusted operating profit by £17.4 million and £2.7 million respectively compared to the prior year. However, so far in 2012 we have seen close to a 5% weakening of the Euro against Sterling compared to average rates for 2011.
Our net finance costs were £28.0 million compared with £26.8 million last year, reflecting a modest uplift in the pricing of the 5 year €535 million Revolving Credit Facility, which we signed in July 2011, compared to our previous facilities. This new facility provides the Group with further long term funding as discussed below. Adjusted profit before tax was £111.8 million (£97.1 million) and adjusted earnings per share were 48.4 pence (41.7 pence).
Our effective tax rate on adjusted profit before tax was 26.4%, similar to last year (26.6%), and it is expected to remain at around this level in 2012.
Net exceptional charges of £8.5 million were incurred in 2011. We incurred restructuring costs in the first half of the year in our German Healthcare business of £3.0 million (announced in 2010). We have incurred costs of £5.4 million in restructuring our Irish and Scandinavia flat linen businesses, which we are managing for value, and in rationalising the salesforce in our Core Growth business. Costs of £2.5 million have been incurred in managing the change programmes identified in our Strategic Review, such as the capital efficiency and procurement review programmes. Most of the one-off costs of our strategic initiatives have now been incurred and we expect to conclude the programme in 2012, with further costs next year of around £2.0 million. Net costs of £1.2 million were incurred in transaction fees on acquisitions and similar initiatives in 2011. Exceptional credits of £3.1 million have been recognised for changes in the management and funding arrangements for long term employee benefits. This covers a number of countries and includes the impact of closing to future accrual the UK defined benefit pension scheme. This scheme was closed to new entrants in 2003 and by closing to future accrual, we have now brought the scheme into line with standard practice in the UK.
In 2010, we had net exceptional credits of £6.4 million, including the gain we generated on disposal of Björnkläder of £11.4 million, and we made impairments to the goodwill of our German Healthcare business and UK decontamination business (in total £34.1 million) as well as provisioning for future losses on these contracts (£9.9 million).
Amortisation of acquired customer contracts increased to £24.0 million (£21.6 million). After amortisation and net exceptional items, operating profit was £107.3 million (£61.4 million), profit before taxation was £79.3 million (£34.6 million) and basic earnings per share were up to 33.8 pence compared with 12.9 pence in 2010.
Our net capital expenditure was £159.2 million, compared to £160.1 million in the previous year. This was 96% (98%) of the depreciation charged. The investment in textiles and other rental assets increased by £13.4 million to £131.3 million (£117.9 million) in support of higher underlying volumes and the new contract wins, particularly in Sweden. As previously indicated, we are a well invested business. Expenditure on plant and equipment reduced from £49.0 million last year to £32.1 million in 2011 but we have continued to target investment to the higher growth areas of our business. We concluded the capacity investment in our mats and workwear plant near Oslo, Norway, and made efficiency investments in a number of our Swedish workwear plants. For 2012, we expect net capital expenditure to be in line with depreciation. Free cash flow was significantly higher at £93.1 million (£75.5 million). Our initiatives in capital efficiency improved cash flow with a positive inflow of £6.3 million (£0.7 million) in working capital. We are about halfway through this programme of initiatives and will continue to focus on this in 2012, where we will be again targeting to convert over 100% of our adjusted profit after tax to free cash flow.
We contributed £5 million to the UK pension fund in the year and a further £5 million is planned in 2012, in line with the funding plan agreed following the 2010 triennial valuation. We ended the year with net retirement benefit obligation liabilities for the Group of £28.2 million (£3.6 million) reflecting the decrease we have seen in discount rates following the lowering of bond yields. This was partially offset by improved asset performance. The main UK pension fund shows an asset of £10.3 million (£22.5 million) on an IFRS accounting basis but a deficit at the triennial valuation for funding purposes, with our overseas pension funds showing a liability of £38.5 million (£26.1 million). These overseas plans are unfunded in line with local practice.
Acquisition spend amounted to £13.7 million (£85.6 million). This relates to eight small bolt-on acquisitions, primarily in Scandinavia and in Poland which are in our Core Growth businesses. These are already contributing to Group profits. After the cash cost of exceptional restructuring of £6.6 million (£4.2 million), a small increase of £1.4 million from exchange translation and dividends paid of £37.3 million (£33.8 million), net debt at 31st December 2011 was £513.6 million (£540.2 million).
Overall the Group retains a strong balance sheet with a ratio of net debt to earnings before exceptional items, interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) of 1.66 times (2010: 1.85 times), compared with a covenant level of not more than three times. At current exchange rates we have total private placement notes of £357.6 million with maturities between 2014 and 2021. In addition the Group's bank facilities extend to July 2016 and amount to £448.2 million, of which £240.2 million was drawn at the year end.
We have increased our return on invested capital from 7.4% last year to 7.9% in 2011. Further improving these returns is a key strategic objective.
The Board is recommending a final dividend of 16.0 pence, which, together with the interim dividend of 7.4 pence paid in October 2011, gives a total of 23.4 pence, an increase of 10% on last year's level. The final dividend will be paid on 4th May 2012 to shareholders on the register at the close of business on 13th April 2012.
Performance Review 2011
Set out below is our review of the performance of the regional segments in 2011. This is followed by our review of performance by business line.
Regional Performance | 12 months to 31st Dec 2011 | 12 months to 31st Dec 2010
| ||
Revenue | Operating Profit* | Revenue | Operating Profit* | |
Textile maintenance | ||||
Nordic | 347.7 | 66.5 | 348.8 | 57.3 |
Continent | 238.6 | 33.3 | 239.0 | 33.5 |
UK and Ireland | 336.7 | 43.9 | 330.3 | 41.2 |
Total Textile Maintenance | 923.0 | 143.7 | 918.1 | 132.0 |
Clinical Solutions and Decontamination | 69.0 | 3.3 | 68.0 | (1.2) |
Central Overheads | - | (7.2) | - | (6.9) |
992.0 | 139.8 | 986.1 | 123.9 |
* before exceptional items and amortisation of customer contracts
Nordic Region
Revenue was broadly maintained at £347.7 million (£348.8 million) but adjusted operating profit increased by 16% to £66.5 million. The growth rates against last year reflect the disposal of the Björnkläder business and the acquisition of Scandinavian washroom business of ISS. On a constant currency basis and excluding these transactions, revenue was up 4% and adjusted operating profit was up 8%. The adjusted operating margin increased to 19.1% from 16.4%.
Our Swedish business continued its good level of growth, accompanied by margin improvement through leverage of higher volumes, resulting in a significant increase in adjusted operating profit. Denmark finished the year well with a good level of growth in adjusted operating profit, although revenue was broadly flat year-on-year in a stable market.
Our Norwegian business also grew revenue well, both organically and through the acquisition of ISS washroom. There was profit improvement in the second half, having made progress on the integration issues we reported as holding back profits in the first half.
The Baltic countries made a small adjusted operating profit on good revenue growth.
Continent Region
Revenue in the Continent region was similar to last year at £238.6 million (£239.0 million) and adjusted operating profit was also similar to last year at £33.3 million (£33.5 million). The adjusted operating margin for the region was 14.0%.
Our workwear and facility businesses in Holland and Poland had a strong year. Holland had higher revenue growth and with margin improvement delivered a good adjusted operating profit growth.
We made particularly strong progress in our business in Poland, where we returned to double digit growth and increased our adjusted operating margin back towards 20%. In our smaller businesses in the Baltics and Czech Republic we also made good progress.
This was offset by our German Healthcare business where we held our margin at 7% but on lower revenue, reflecting the previously reported full year effect of the lost volume in 2010. In our Workwear business in Germany we have gained some good new contract wins and a higher level of customer satisfaction leading to better retention following the management change we made in the first half. We are making progress but the business performed below expectations in 2011.
UK and Ireland
Revenue of our textile business in UK and Ireland grew modestly by 2% from £330.3 million to £336.7 million but profits were up 7% from £41.2 million to £43.9 million, with stronger operating margins in the second half. In our Hotel business we were able to deliver operational efficiencies as we adjusted to the lower than expected levels of volume following a strong 2010: although volumes were stable across the year as a whole, there was some slight weakening towards the end of the year. Our Healthcare business performed very well, growing revenue and improving profits. Workwear also increased profits and our Irish business benefited from the restructuring we have implemented through the year.
In our Clinical Solutions and Decontamination business revenue increased to £69.0 million from £68.0 million due to higher revenues on the decontamination contracts. Following the provisioning of future losses on these decontamination contracts at the end of 2010 for £9.9 million, which was taken as an exceptional item, we saw the business as a whole report a profit of £3.3 million. We are making steady progress on improving the performance of our decontamination contracts and working with our customers to bring these contracts to longer term viability. £4.4 million of the future loss provision was utilised in 2011 in line with expectations (2010 full year loss £5.4 million), with a further provision of £5.5 million remaining. Sterile consumables encountered some supply issues in the second half of the year, which held back profits but it was a solid year for our reusable textile business.
Business Line Performance
In line with our Strategic Review, we have reorganised the Group's structure with effect from 1st January 2012 along lines of business. Below we report the results for the year ended 31st December 2011 on the new business line segmentation, which is extracted from our audited financial statements. Comparatives are provided for the year ended 31st December 2010, which have been extracted from unaudited management accounts.
12 months to 31st Dec 2011 | 12 months to 31st Dec 2010** | |||
Revenue | Operating Profit* | Revenue | Operating Profit* | |
Workwear | 286.5 | 49.2 | 273.0 | 46.1 |
Facility | 207.3 | 47.8 | 172.6 | 38.7 |
UK flat linen | 195.2 | 26.1 | 191.1 | 24.9 |
Total Core Growth | 689.0 | 123.1 | 636.7 | 109.7 |
Clinical Solutions and Decontamination | 69.0 | 3.3 | 68.0 | (1.2) |
Flat linen outside UK | 234.0 | 21.7 | 281.4 | 22.6 |
Total Manage for Value | 303.0 | 25.0 | 349.4 | 21.4 |
Central Overheads*** | - | (8.3) | - | (7.2) |
Total Group | 992.0 | 139.8 | 986.1 | 123.9 |
* before exceptional items and amortisation of customer contracts
** extracted from unaudited management accounts
*** includes Group marketing and communication functions, previously reported within the regional businesses
Workwear
Revenue grew 5% in the year to £286.5 million. Excluding currency and the impact of a number of small acquisitions underlying growth was 2%. Margins were slightly higher at 17.2%, with adjusted operating profits up 7% to £49.2 million (£46.1 million).
Over recent years we have confirmed the resilience of our workwear business with its diverse customer base across Northern Europe, the number and scope of contracts and by the innovations we have brought to our markets. We have benefited from our focus on Northern Europe and Scandinavia, where markets generally improved in 2011 and are currently stable. We saw higher levels of revenue growth in Sweden with an all time high volume and with the operational efficiencies we were able to gain, we delivered strong profit growth. Both Denmark and Holland improved adjusted operating margins to deliver a good operating profit performance. Our UK workwear business grew revenue and operating profits modestly and while we were disappointed with the performance of the business in Germany, we saw some improvement in the second half.
In 2012 we will build on our solid contract base with initiatives to improve our market focus through the new business line structure. Our target sectors have been identified to address that part of the market which is not outsourced and is, we believe, at least as big as the existing outsourced textile maintenance market. It may take time for some of these initiatives to enhance top line growth, which also depends upon economic activity. However, we expect to make solid progress again in 2012.
Facility
Our Facility businesses benefitted from the acquisition of the Scandinavian washroom business of ISS at the end of last year but we also saw higher levels of organic revenue growth in the business line, which has the least developed market and offers the most potential for growth. Excluding the impact of acquisitions and currency, organic revenue growth was 5% and underlying operating profit growth was 7%. The margin improved from 22.4% to 23.1%.
Our mat and washroom businesses in Scandinavia delivered solid organic revenue growth and improved their market leadership with the benefit of the acquisition of ISS washrooms. Adjusted operating profits were held back in Norway in the first half by increased distribution costs following the acquisition, but the business is now well placed to capture further benefits from the additional volume and enhancements to product and service offered to our washroom customers. There was strong progress in Poland and our businesses in the Baltics and Czech Republic also developed well.
Our cleanroom businesses (based in Denmark, Holland and Sweden) performed very well in the year, broadening the service range and winning key contract extensions as well as new customers. We won a significant reference customer in Germany, which will be serviced from our existing operations. We saw high single digit growth in revenue and adjusted operating profit this year.
The outlook for the Facility business remains good and we expect this segment to again drive the highest level of growth for the Group in revenue and adjusted operating profit in 2012.
UK Flat Linen
There was a 2% increase in revenue in 2011 to £195.2 million (£191.1 million) whilst adjusted operating profit was up 5% to £26.1 million (£24.9 million). The adjusted operating margin increased 40bps to 13.4%. We saw higher levels of growth in the Healthcare business as like-for-like volumes stabilised towards the end of the year and we won a major contract, which was newly outsourced in the second half. We remain well placed to capture contracts for further outsourcing, although the decision making around these opportunities is currently rather slow.
Like-for-like volumes in our hotel business were broadly in line with 2010 for the year as a whole but with some variability and weakening as the year progressed. Revenue was slightly higher as a result of the price increases we were able to introduce. Our operating margin was slightly lower than 2010 as we adjusted our volume expectations through the year, but we were able to preserve most of the strong increase in margin we delivered in 2010.
The outlook is for further progress in Healthcare where we expect new outsourcing opportunities to come through. Our Hotel business is dependent upon a stable economy through the year and while the Olympics in London will boost demand, it is taking place in a normal seasonally busy period for the Group.
Clinical Solutions and Decontamination
Comments on our 2011 performance are included in the regional review for UK and Ireland above.
We expect progress to be steady in 2012 with the focus of the business on margin improvements and cash returns, and securing the long term viability of our decontamination contracts.
Flat Linen outside the UK
This comprises our hotel and healthcare businesses in Denmark and Sweden, our healthcare businesses in Germany and Austria and our Irish business. We include here our remaining direct sale business in the UK (revenues of £11million) having sold Björnkläder (Sweden) in 2010; we reported revenue of £46.4 million and operating profit of £3.1 million in this segment in 2010.
Excluding the impact of the sale of Björnkläder, Flat Linen business outside the UK held revenues broadly flat at £234.0 million but improved profits 11% to £21.7 million. The margin increased to 9.3% from 8.0%.
Our focus in these Manage for Value businesses has been on margin improvement and we have undertaken restructuring in Ireland and in Denmark and concluded the restructuring in German Healthcare announced in 2010 to align these businesses to the new priorities. These actions delivered excellent progress with a significant adjusted operating margin improvement in Ireland and Scandinavia. Our German Healthcare business held margins at 7%, the same as 2010 but on lower volumes, with the full year effect of 2010 customer losses.
We expect further improvement in these businesses with the focus on margin and cash generation. While recognising that the opportunities for higher levels of revenue growth may not be as strong in this segment, these are good businesses with experienced management teams and good market positions, so they have much to contribute to the success of the Group.
Outlook for the Group
The Group delivered a strong set of results in 2011 and made significant progress with its strategic initiatives. The move to a business line structure is now complete and we have strengthened our capabilities in sales, HR and business development, as well as developed major Group wide programmes in capital efficiency and procurement. We remain encouraged by the scope both to accelerate the development of our Core Growth businesses and to enhance the returns of our Manage for Value businesses. We finished the year with a strong balance sheet and a secure long-term funding position.
The Group has entered 2012 in good shape with the benefits of our strategic initiatives already gathering momentum. While much of our top line growth is dependent upon economic activity, at this early stage, we anticipate delivering a slightly better performance in 2012 than previously expected.
Consolidated income statement
For the year ended 31st December 2011
For the year ended 31st December 2011 | Notes | Year to31st December 2011£m | Year to31st December 2010£m | |||||
Revenue | 2 | 992.0 | 986.1 | |||||
Cost of sales | (507.4) | (513.8) | ||||||
Gross profit | 484.6 | 472.3 | ||||||
Other income | 2.0 | 13.0 | ||||||
Distribution costs | (188.0) | (190.9) | ||||||
Administrative expenses | (149.5) | (147.0) | ||||||
Other operating expenses | (41.8) | (86.0) | ||||||
Operating profit | 2 | 107.3 | 61.4 | |||||
Analysed as: | ||||||||
Operating profit before exceptional items and amortisation of customer contracts | 2 | 139.8 | 123.9 | |||||
Exceptional items | 4 | (8.5) | (40.9) | |||||
Amortisation of customer contracts | 9 | (24.0) | (21.6) | |||||
Operating profit | 2 | 107.3 | 61.4 | |||||
Finance costs | 3 | (29.7) | (28.1) | |||||
Finance income | 3 | 1.7 | 1.3 | |||||
Profit before taxation | 79.3 | 34.6 | ||||||
Taxation | 5 | (21.8) | (12.2) | |||||
Profit for the year | 57.5 | 22.4 | ||||||
Analysed as: | ||||||||
Profit attributable to non-controlling interest | 0.5 | 0.6 | ||||||
Profit attributable to equity shareholders of the company | 57.0 | 21.8 | ||||||
Earnings per share expressed in pence per share | ||||||||
- Basic | 7 | 33.8 | 12.9 | |||||
- Diluted | 7 | 33.7 | 12.9 |
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
For the year ended 31st December 2011
For the year ended 31st December 2011 | Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | ||
Profit for the year | 57.5 | 22.4 | ||
Other comprehensive income: | ||||
Currency translation differences | (10.3) | (10.1) | ||
Actuarial (losses)/gain | (26.2) | 9.6 | ||
Gain on cash flow hedges | 1.2 | 2.6 | ||
Other comprehensive (expense)/income for the year, net of tax | (35.3) | 2.1 | ||
Total comprehensive income for the year | 22.2 | 24.5 | ||
Attributable to: | ||||
Non-controlling interest | 0.4 | 0.4 | ||
Equity shareholders | 21.8 | 24.1 |
Items in the statement above are disclosed net of tax.
Consolidated balance sheet
For the year ended 31st December 2011
As at 31st December 2011 | Notes | As at31st December2011£m | As at31st December2010£m | |
Assets | ||||
Intangible assets: | ||||
- Goodwill | 8 | 419.9 | 428.1 | |
- Other intangible assets | 9 | 76.1 | 91.3 | |
Property, plant and equipment | 10 | 520.8 | 534.4 | |
Deferred tax assets | 14.1 | 19.1 | ||
Derivative financial instruments | 53.3 | 45.5 | ||
Pension scheme surplus | 16 | 10.3 | 22.5 | |
Total non-current assets | 1,094.5 | 1,140.9 | ||
Assets classified as held for sale | 0.2 | 0.4 | ||
Inventories | 39.1 | 37.7 | ||
Income tax receivable | 7.4 | 9.0 | ||
Trade and other receivables | 156.4 | 165.1 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | 91.9 | 74.0 | ||
Total current assets | 295.0 | 286.2 | ||
Liabilities | ||||
Borrowings | 11 | (2.9) | (3.1) | |
Derivative financial instruments | (1.8) | (1.7) | ||
Income tax payable | (13.8) | (16.2) | ||
Trade and other payables | (174.9) | (183.5) | ||
Provisions | 12 | (6.2) | (8.0) | |
Total current liabilities | (199.6) | (212.5) | ||
Net current assets | 95.4 | 73.7 | ||
Borrowings | 11 | (602.6) | (611.1) | |
Derivative financial instruments | (37.0) | (41.7) | ||
Pension scheme deficits | 16 | (38.5) | (26.1) | |
Deferred tax liabilities | (48.8) | (58.1) | ||
Trade and other payables | - | (2.5) | ||
Provisions | 12 | (4.5) | (7.2) | |
Total non-current liabilities | (731.4) | (746.7) | ||
Net assets | 458.5 | 467.9 | ||
Equity | ||||
Share capital | 51.5 | 51.5 | ||
Share premium | 96.8 | 96.7 | ||
Other reserves | 0.5 | (0.7) | ||
Capital redemption reserve | 150.9 | 150.9 | ||
Retained earnings | 154.4 | 165.4 | ||
Total shareholders' equity | 454.1 | 463.8 | ||
Non-controlling interest | 4.4 | 4.1 | ||
Total equity | 458.5 | 467.9 |
Consolidated cash flow statement
For the year ended 31st December 2011
For the year ended 31st December 2011 | Notes | Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||
Cash generated from operations | 13 | 291.6 | 278.8 | |||
Interest paid | (28.5) | (28.4) | ||||
Interest received | 1.7 | 1.3 | ||||
Income tax paid | (19.1) | (20.3) | ||||
Net cash generated from operating activities | 245.7 | 231.4 | ||||
Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired | 15 | (13.7) | (85.6) | |||
Sale of subsidiary, net of cash disposed | - | 26.5 | ||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (160.9) | (162.2) | ||||
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment | 13 | 4.8 | 6.7 | |||
Purchases of intangible assets | 9 | (3.1) | (4.6) | |||
Special pension contribution payments | 16 | (5.0) | (6.0) | |||
Net cash used in investing activities | (177.9) | (225.2) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||
Net proceeds from issue of ordinary share capital | 0.1 | 0.3 | ||||
Purchase of own shares by the Employee Benefit Trust | - | (3.3) | ||||
Payment of loan issue costs | (4.0) | - | ||||
Drawdown of borrowings | 5.0 | 22.2 | ||||
Repayment of borrowings | (7.8) | (184.0) | ||||
Repayment of finance leases/hire purchase liabilities | (3.8) | (4.6) | ||||
Dividends paid to company's shareholders | 6 | (37.3) | (33.8) | |||
Dividends paid to non-controlling interest | (0.1) | (0.1) | ||||
Net cash used from financing activities | (47.9) | (203.3) | ||||
Net increase/(decrease) in cash | 19.9 | (197.1) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 74.0 | 272.2 | ||||
Exchange losses on cash | (2.0) | (1.1) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | 91.9 | 74.0 | ||||
Free cash flow | 93.1 | 75.5 | ||||
Analysis of free cash flow | ||||||
Net cash generated from operating activities | 245.7 | 231.4 | ||||
Add back fundamental restructuring cash paid | 6.6 | 4.2 | ||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (160.9) | (162.2) | ||||
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment | 4.8 | 6.7 | ||||
Purchases of intangible assets | (3.1) | (4.6) | ||||
Free cash flow | 93.1 | 75.5 |
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
Attributable to shareholders of the company | ||||||||||||||||
Sharecapital£m | Sharepremium£m | Otherreserves£m | Capitalredemptionreserve£m | Retainedearnings£m | Total£m | Non-controllinginterest£m | Totalequity£m | |||||||||
At 1st January 2010 | 51.5 | 96.4 | (3.3) | 150.9 | 176.5 | 472.0 | 3.8 | 475.8 | ||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||
Profit for the year | - | - | - | - | 21.8 | 21.8 | 0.6 | 22.4 | ||||||||
Other comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||
Actuarial gains | - | - | - | - | 13.6 | 13.6 | - | 13.6 | ||||||||
Cash flow hedges | - | - | 3.8 | - | - | 3.8 | - | 3.8 | ||||||||
Currency translation | - | - | - | - | (4.8) | (4.8) | (0.2) | (5.0) | ||||||||
Tax on items taken to equity | - | - | (1.2) | - | (9.1) | (10.3) | - | (10.3) | ||||||||
Total other comprehensive income | - | - | 2.6 | - | (0.3) | 2.3 | (0.2) | 2.1 | ||||||||
Total comprehensive income | - | - | 2.6 | - | 21.5 | 24.1 | 0.4 | 24.5 | ||||||||
Transactions with owners: | ||||||||||||||||
Issue of share capital in respect of share option schemes | - | 0.3 | - | - | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||||||||||
Purchase of own shares by the Employee Benefit Trust | - | - | - | - | (3.0) | (3.0) | - | (3.0) | ||||||||
Dividends (note 6) | - | - | - | - | (33.8) | (33.8) | (0.1) | (33.9) | ||||||||
Value of employee service in respect of share option schemes and share awards | - | - | - | - | 4.2 | 4.2 | - | 4.2 | ||||||||
Total transactions with owners | - | 0.3 | - | - | (32.6) | (32.3) | (0.1) | (32.4) | ||||||||
At 31st December 2010 | 51.5 | 96.7 | (0.7) | 150.9 | 165.4 | 463.8 | 4.1 | 467.9 |
Attributable to shareholders of the company | ||||||||||||||||
Sharecapital£m | Sharepremium£m | Otherreserves£m | Capitalredemptionreserve£m | Retainedearnings£m | Total£m | Non-controllinginterest£m | Totalequity£m | |||||||||
At 1st January 2011 | 51.5 | 96.7 | (0.7) | 150.9 | 165.4 | 463.8 | 4.1 | 467.9 | ||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||
Profit for the year | - | - | - | - | 57.0 | 57.0 | 0.5 | 57.5 | ||||||||
Other comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||
Actuarial losses | - | - | - | - | (35.5) | (35.5) | - | (35.5) | ||||||||
Cash flow hedges | - | - | 1.6 | - | - | 1.6 | - | 1.6 | ||||||||
Currency translation | - | - | - | - | (8.1) | (8.1) | (0.1) | (8.2) | ||||||||
Tax on items taken to equity | - | - | (0.4) | - | 7.2 | 6.8 | - | 6.8 | ||||||||
Total other comprehensive income | - | - | 1.2 | - | (36.4) | (35.2) | (0.1) | (35.3) | ||||||||
Total comprehensive income | - | - | 1.2 | - | 20.6 | 21.8 | 0.4 | 22.2 | ||||||||
Transactions with owners: | ||||||||||||||||
Issue of share capital in respect of share option schemes | - | 0.1 | - | - | - | 0.1 | - | 0.1 | ||||||||
Purchase of own shares by the Employee Benefit Trust | - | - | - | - | 0.2 | 0.2 | - | 0.2 | ||||||||
Dividends (note 6) | - | - | - | - | (37.3) | (37.3) | (0.1) | (37.4) | ||||||||
Value of employee service in respect of share option schemes and share awards | - | - | - | - | 5.5 | 5.5 | - | 5.5 | ||||||||
Total transactions with owners | - | 0.1 | - | - | (31.6) | (31.5) | (0.1) | (31.6) | ||||||||
At 31st December 2011 | 51.5 | 96.8 | 0.5 | 150.9 | 154.4 | 454.1 | 4.4 | 458.5 |
At 31st December 2011, the company held nil (2010: 1,025,000) treasury shares as these shares were transferred to the Employee Benefit Trust during the year.
The group has an Employee Benefit Trust to administer share plans and to acquire company shares, using funds contributed by the group, to meet commitments to group employees. At 31st December 2011, the Trust held 2,915,296 (2010: 1,965,939) shares.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
Accounting policies to the consolidated financial statements
1 Basis of preparation
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs as adopted by the EU), IFRIC Interpretations and the Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified by available-for-sale financial assets, and financial assets and financial liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair value through profit or loss.
The Berendsen plc's Report and Accounts 2011 (the "Annual Report") will be posted to shareholders on 15th March 2012. The Annual Report will also be made available on the company's website, www.berendsen.eu, from 15th March 2012. The financial information set out herein does not constitute the company's statutory accounts for the year ended 31st December 2011 but is derived from those financial statements and the accompanying directors' report. The statutory accounts for 2011 will be delivered to the Registrar of Companies following the Company's Annual General Meeting which will be held on 26th April 2012. The auditors have reported on the company's statutory accounts; the report was unqualified and did not contain statements under Section 498 (2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006.
The comparative figures for the year ended 31st December 2010 are not the financial statements for the financial year but are derived from those accounts which have been reported on by the group's auditors and delivered to the Registrar of Companies. The report was unqualified and did not contain statements under Section 237 (2) or (3) of the Companies Act 1985.
Segment reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker. The chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the Berendsen plc executive board.
During 2011, the Berendsen plc executive board considered the business from both a geographical and product service perspective: Textile maintenance Nordic, Textile maintenance Continent, Textile maintenance UK and Ireland and Clinical Solutions and Decontamination. The Clinical Solutions and Decontamination segment is reported although it does not meet the quantitative thresholds required by IFRS 8.
Following the strategic review of the business presented in November 2010, from 1st January 2012 the Berendsen plc executive board will manage the business under the business lines of Workwear, Facility, UK Flat Linen, Flat Linen outside UK and Clinical Solutions and Decontamination.
The group has provided voluntary disclosure under the new segment for 2011.
2 Segmental information
The segment results for the year ended 31st December 2011 are as follows:
Textile maintenance Nordic£m | Textile maintenance Continent£m | Textile maintenance UK and Ireland£m | Total textile maintenance£m | ClinicalSolutions andDecontamination£m | Unallocated£m | Group£m | ||||||||||
| Total segment revenue | 347.8 | 240.3 | 336.7 | 924.8 | 70.7 | - | 995.5 | ||||||||
| Inter-segment revenue | (0.1) | (1.7) | - | (1.8) | (1.7) | - | (3.5) | ||||||||
| Revenue from external customers | 347.7 | 238.6 | 336.7 | 923.0 | 69.0 | - | 992.0 | ||||||||
| Operating profit before exceptional items and amortisation of customer contracts | 66.5 | 33.3 | 43.9 | 143.7 | 3.3 | (7.2) | 139.8 | ||||||||
| Exceptional items | (3.8) | (1.4) | (0.7) | (5.9) | - | (2.6) | (8.5) | ||||||||
| Amortisation of customer contracts | (18.9) | (3.9) | (0.8) | (23.6) | (0.4) | - | (24.0) | ||||||||
| Segment result | 43.8 | 28.0 | 42.4 | 114.2 | 2.9 | (9.8) | 107.3 | ||||||||
| Net finance costs | (28.0) | ||||||||||||||
Profit before taxation | 79.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Taxation | (21.8) | ||||||||||||||
Profit for the year | 57.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Profit attributable tonon-controlling interest | 0.5 | ||||||||||||||
Profit attributable to equity shareholders | 57.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditure | 69.7 | 46.9 | 60.7 | 177.3 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 180.3 | ||||||||
| Depreciation (note 10) | 51.5 | 49.0 | 58.4 | 158.9 | 4.9 | 0.1 | 163.9 | ||||||||
| Amortisation (note 9) | 20.8 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 29.2 | 0.4 | - | 29.6 |
Capital expenditure comprises additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, including additions resulting from acquisitions through business combinations.
Sales between segments are carried out at arm's length. The company is domiciled in the UK.
Analysis of revenue by category:
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
Sale of goods | 11.2 | 56.6 | ||
Provision of services | 980.8 | 929.5 | ||
992.0 | 986.1 | |||
|
|
|
|
Analysis of external revenue by country:
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
UK | 375.1 | 362.0 | ||
Sweden | 146.5 | 165.1 | ||
Germany | 130.8 | 137.4 | ||
Denmark | 136.6 | 129.6 | ||
Other | 203.0 | 192.0 | ||
992.0 | 986.1 |
2 Segmental information (continued)
The segment results for the year ended 31st December 2010 were as follows:
| TextilemaintenanceNordic£m | TextilemaintenanceContinent£m | TextilemaintenanceUK and Ireland£m | Total textilemaintenance£m | ClinicalSolutions andDecontamination£m | Unallocated£m | Group£m | |||||||||
| Total segment revenue | 349.6 | 240.5 | 330.3 | 920.4 | 68.9 | - | 989.3 | ||||||||
| Inter-segment revenue | (0.8) | (1.5) | - | (2.3) | (0.9) | - | (3.2) | ||||||||
| Revenue from external customers | 348.8 | 239.0 | 330.3 | 918.1 | 68.0 | - | 986.1 | ||||||||
| Operating profit before exceptional items and amortisation of customer contracts | 57.3 | 33.5 | 41.2 | 132.0 | (1.2) | (6.9) | 123.9 | ||||||||
| Exceptional items | 9.5 | (21.7) | 1.0 | (11.2) | (34.2) | 4.5 | (40.9) | ||||||||
| Amortisation of customer contracts | (14.8) | (4.6) | (1.6) | (21.0) | (0.6) | - | (21.6) | ||||||||
| Segment result | 52.0 | 7.2 | 40.6 | 99.8 | (36.0) | (2.4) | 61.4 | ||||||||
| Net finance costs | (26.8) | ||||||||||||||
Profit before taxation | 34.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Taxation | (12.2) | ||||||||||||||
Profit for the year | 22.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Profit attributableto non-controlling interests | 0.6 | ||||||||||||||
Profit attributable to equity shareholders | 21.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditure | 94.4 | 67.6 | 56.8 | 218.8 | 3.3 | 0.5 | 222.6 | ||||||||
| Depreciation (note 10) | 47.9 | 50.4 | 60.1 | 158.4 | 4.4 | 0.1 | 162.9 | ||||||||
| Amortisation (note 9) | 17.0 | 5.5 | 3.4 | 25.9 | 0.6 | - | 26.5 |
The segment assets and liabilities at 31st December 2011 are as follows:
| TextilemaintenanceNordic£m | Textilemaintenance Continent£m | TextilemaintenanceUK and Ireland£m | Total textilemaintenance£m | ClinicalSolutions and Decontamination£m | Unallocated£m | Group£m | |||||||
Operating assets | 594.9 | 343.9 | 335.7 | 1,274.5 | 22.4 | 7.3 | 1,304.2 | |||||||
Deferred tax assets | 7.3 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 11.0 | - | 3.1 | 14.1 | |||||||
Income tax assets | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 5.3 | 7.4 | |||||||
Assets held for sale | 0.2 | - | - | 0.2 | - | - | 0.2 | |||||||
Pension scheme (deficit)/surplus | - | - | (7.9) | (7.9) | - | 18.2 | 10.3 | |||||||
Derivative financial instruments | - | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | - | 53.2 | 53.3 | |||||||
Total assets | 602.8 | 345.7 | 330.3 | 1,278.8 | 23.6 | 87.1 | 1,389.5 | |||||||
Operating liabilities | (68.0) | (33.7) | (47.4) | (149.1) | (34.4) | (2.1) | (185.6) | |||||||
Bank loans and finance leases | (4.0) | (3.2) | (4.6) | (11.8) | - | (593.7) | (605.5) | |||||||
Derivative financial instruments | - | - | - | - | - | (38.8) | (38.8) | |||||||
Deferred tax liabilities | (30.7) | (11.5) | (2.5) | (44.7) | (0.1) | (4.0) | (48.8) | |||||||
Income tax liabilities | (4.2) | (1.5) | (1.6) | (7.3) | - | (6.5) | (13.8) | |||||||
Pension scheme deficit | (31.9) | (3.1) | (1.6) | (36.6) | (1.9) | - | (38.5) | |||||||
Total liabilities | (138.8) | (53.0) | (57.7) | (249.5) | (36.4) | (645.1) | (931.0) |
2 Segmental information (continued)
The segment assets and liabilities at 31st December 2010 were as follows:
TextilemaintenanceNordic£m | Textilemaintenance Continent£m | TextilemaintenanceUK and Ireland£m | Total textilemaintenance£m | ClinicalSolutions and Decontamination£m | Unallocated£m | Group£m | ||||||||
Operating assets | 598.6 | 363.2 | 279.0 | 1,240.8 | 65.8 | 24.0 | 1,330.6 | |||||||
Deferred tax assets | 4.8 | 5.0 | 2.9 | 12.7 | 0.5 | 5.9 | 19.1 | |||||||
Income tax receivable | - | 0.2 | - | 0.2 | 3.0 | 5.8 | 9.0 | |||||||
Non-current assets held for sale | 0.4 | - | - | 0.4 | - | - | 0.4 | |||||||
Pension scheme surplus | - | - | - | - | - | 22.5 | 22.5 | |||||||
Derivative financial instruments | - | - | - | - | - | 45.5 | 45.5 | |||||||
Total assets | 603.8 | 368.4 | 281.9 | 1,254.1 | 69.3 | 103.7 | 1,427.1 | |||||||
Operating liabilities | 67.0 | 42.0 | 60.7 | 169.7 | 23.5 | 8.0 | 201.2 | |||||||
Bank loans and finance leases | 4.1 | 3.5 | 5.9 | 13.5 | - | 600.7 | 614.2 | |||||||
Derivative financial instruments | 0.2 | - | 0.1 | 0.3 | - | 43.1 | 43.4 | |||||||
Deferred tax liabilities | 29.6 | 15.1 | 7.7 | 52.4 | 0.5 | 5.2 | 58.1 | |||||||
Income tax liabilities | 5.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 9.2 | - | 7.0 | 16.2 | |||||||
Pension scheme deficit | 20.4 | 3.5 | 1.6 | 25.5 | 0.6 | - | 26.1 | |||||||
Total liabilities | 126.9 | 65.9 | 77.8 | 270.6 | 24.6 | 664.0 | 959.2 |
Segment assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment, goodwill, other intangible assets, inventories, receivables and cash. Assets such as pension scheme surplus, deferred tax assets, income tax assets, derivative financial instruments and assets classified as held for sale are separately identified.
Segment liabilities comprise operating liabilities and separately identified pension scheme deficits, deferred tax liabilities, income tax liabilities, derivative financial instruments and corporate borrowings.
Unallocated assets include segment assets as above for corporate entities.
Unallocated liabilities include segment liabilities as above for corporate entities.
Analysis of non-current assets other than financial instruments, deferred tax assets and retirement benefit assets by country are:
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
UK | 228.4 | 235.0 | ||
Sweden | 250.9 | 253.5 | ||
Germany | 157.7 | 168.2 | ||
Denmark | 146.9 | 152.2 | ||
Other | 232.9 | 245.3 | ||
1,016.8 | 1,054.2 |
2 Segmental information (continued)
Following the strategic review of the business presented in November 2010, from 1st January 2012 the Berendsen plc executive board will manage the business under the business lines of Workwear, Facility, UK Flat Linen, Flat Linen outside UK and Clinical Solutions and Decontamination.
The results for the year ended 31st December 2011 under the new business line segment are as follows:
| Core Growth | Manage for Value | ||||||||||||||||||
| Workwear£m | Facility£m | UK Flat Linen£m | Total Core Growth£m | ClinicalSolutions andDecontamination£m | Flat LinenoutsideUK£m | Total Manage for Value£m |
Unallocated | Group£m | |||||||||||
| Total segment revenue | 288.3 | 207.3 | 195.2 | 690.8 | 70.7 | 234.0 | 304.7 | - | 995.5 | ||||||||||
| Inter-segment revenue | (1.8) | - | - | (1.8) | (1.7) | - | (1.7) | - | (3.5) | ||||||||||
| Revenue from external customers | 286.5 | 207.3 | 195.2 | 689.0 | 69.0 | 234.0 | 303.0 | - | 992.0 | ||||||||||
| Operating profit before exceptional items and amortisation of customer contracts | 49.2 | 47.8 | 26.1 | 123.1 | 3.3 | 21.7 | 25.0 | (8.3)(i) | 139.8 | ||||||||||
| Exceptional items | 0.7 | (0.5) | 1.3 | 1.5 | - | (7.4) | (7.4) | (2.6) | (8.5) | ||||||||||
| Amortisation of customer contracts | (7.2) | (9.1) | (7.3) | (23.6) | (0.4) | - | (0.4) | - | (24.0) | ||||||||||
| Segment result | 42.7 | 38.2 | 20.1 | 101.0 | 2.9 | 14.3 | 17.2 | (10.9) | 107.3 | ||||||||||
| Net finance costs | (28.0) | ||||||||||||||||||
Profit before taxation | 79.3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Taxation | (21.8) | ||||||||||||||||||
Profit for the year | 57.5 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Profit attributableto non-controlling interest | 0.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Profit attributable to equity shareholders | 57.0 |
(i) Unallocated costs includes group marketing and communication functions, previously reported within the regional businesses.
3 Net finance costs
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
Interest payable on bank borrowings | (27.3) | (26.1) | ||
Interest payable on finance leases | (0.2) | (0.2) | ||
Interest payable on other borrowings | (1.5) | (1.3) | ||
Amortisation of issue costs of bank loans (note i) | (0.7) | (0.5) | ||
Fair value (loss)/gain on interest rate swaps (fair value hedge) | (0.5) | 1.0 | ||
Fair value adjustment of bank borrowings attributable to interest rate risk | 0.5 | (1.0) | ||
Finance costs | (29.7) | (28.1) | ||
Finance income | 1.7 | 1.3 | ||
Net finance costs | (28.0) | (26.8) |
(i) This relates to loan issue costs arising on the 2011 €535 million Revolving Credit Facility, 2006 $250 million, 2009 $259 million and £25 million US Private Placements. The costs have been capitalised and are being amortised over the shortest period of the loan being five, three and five years respectively.
4 Exceptional items
Included within operating profit are the following items which the group considers to be exceptional:
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
Restructuring costs | 3.0 | 9.7 | ||
Strategy implementation costs | 7.9 | 1.4 | ||
Transaction costs | 1.2 | 1.1 | ||
Change in long term employee benefits | (3.1) | - | ||
Profit on property disposals | (0.5) | (0.2) | ||
Goodwill impairment (note 8) | - | 34.1 | ||
Onerous contract provision for the UK Decontamination contracts (note 12) | - | 9.9 | ||
Write off of pre-contract and commissioning costs associated with the decontamination contracts | - | 3.3 | ||
Profit on disposal of subsidiary | - | (11.4) | ||
Amendment to defined benefit pension scheme past service cost | - | (7.0) | ||
Total | 8.5 | 40.9 |
The restructuring costs relate primarily to the closure of a German Healthcare plant. This concludes the restructuring undertaken following the loss of a significant contract in 2010. The tax credit on this is £0.9 million (2010: £2.1 million).
The group incurred costs of £7.9 million associated with the implementation of its strategic review announced in November 2010. This includes £5.4 million of restructuring costs incurred in the Irish and Scandinavia flat linen businesses, which we are Managing for Value and in rationalising the salesforce in our Core Growth business. This also includes £2.5 million of costs in managing the change programmes identified in our Strategic Review such as the capital efficiency and procurement review programmes. The tax credit on these costs is £1.7 million (2010: £0.4 million).
We have incurred net transaction costs of £1.2 million on acquisitions and similar initiatives in 2011. There is a tax charge of £0.4 million (2010: tax credit of £0.4 million).
The group recognised a £3.1 million credit for changes in the management and funding arrangements for long term employee benefits. This covers a number of countries and includes the impact of closing to future accrual the UK defined benefit pension scheme. The scheme was closed to new entrants in 2003 and by closing to future accrual; the scheme is in line with standard UK practice. There is a tax charge of £0.9 million.
During the year a net profit has been realised on property disposals primarily in the UK. The tax charge on this is nil (2010: nil).
In 2010, the group incurred goodwill impairment charges of £13.1 million in relation to the German healthcare business and £21.0 million in relation to the UK decontamination business which incurred significant losses. The tax credit on this was £3.8 million.
A £9.9 million onerous contract provision was set up in 2010 for the losses expected until the decontamination contracts reach a financially sustainable position over the next four years. The tax credit on this was £2.7 million.
In addition, in 2010, £3.3 million of pre-contract and commissioning costs associated with the decontamination contracts were written off. The tax credit on this was £1.0 million.
On 22nd December 2010, the group disposed of Björnkläder, the Swedish direct sales business for a profit of £11.4 million. The tax charge incurred was £0.2 million.
Following the UK Government's announcement in summer 2010, the inflation index to be used to derive statutory pension increase changed from the Retail Prices Index (RPI) to the Consumer Prices Index (CPI). Due to a number of differences between the indices, CPI is expected to be less than RPI over the long-term which means that the Scheme liabilities have reduced. The reduction was recognised as a negative past service cost of £7.0 million. The tax charge on this was £2.0 million.
The change in long term employee benefits and amendment to the past service cost in 2010 has been recognised in Administrative expenses. All other exceptional items have been recorded in other income or other expenses respectively.
5 Taxation
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
Analysis of tax charge for the year | ||||
Current tax: | ||||
Tax on profits for the current year | 21.2 | 18.7 | ||
Adjustments in respect of previous years | 1.2 | (0.6) | ||
22.4 | 18.1 | |||
Deferred tax: | ||||
Origination and reversal of temporary differences | 0.1 | (6.1) | ||
Changes in statutory tax rates | (0.1) | (0.2) | ||
Change due to review of deferred tax assets | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||
Adjustments in respect of previous years | (0.8) | 0.2 | ||
(0.6) | (5.9) | |||
Total tax charge | 21.8 | 12.2 |
The amount of overseas tax included in the total tax charge is £18.9 million (2010: £14.2 million).
6 Dividends
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
Equity dividends paid during the year | ||||
Final dividend for the year ended 31st December 2010 of 14.7 pence per share(2009: 13.5 pence) | 24.8 | 22.9 | ||
Interim dividend for the year ended 31st December 2011 of 7.4 pence per share(2010: 6.5 pence) | 12.5 | 10.9 | ||
37.3 | 33.8 | |||
Proposed final equity dividend for approval at the AGM | ||||
Proposed final dividend for the year ended 31st December 2011 of 16.0 pence per share(2010: 14.7 pence) | 27.0 | 24.8 |
The directors recommend a final dividend for the financial year ended 31st December 2012 of 16.0 pence per ordinary share to be paid on 4th May 2012 to shareholders who are on the register at 13th April 2012. This dividend is not reflected in these financial statements as it does not represent a liability at 31st December 2011.
7 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per ordinary share are based on the group profit for the year and a weighted average of 168,875,066 (2010: 169,059,590) ordinary shares in issue during the year.
Diluted earnings per share are based on the group profit for the year and a weighted average of ordinary shares in issue during the year calculated as follows:
31st December2011Numberof shares | 31st December2010Numberof shares | |||
In issue | 168,875,066 | 169,059,590 | ||
Dilutive potential ordinary shares arising from unexercised share options | 514,271 | 284,350 | ||
169,389,337 | 169,343,940 |
An adjusted earnings per ordinary share figure has been presented to eliminate the effects of exceptional items, amortisation of customer contracts and non-recurring tax items. This presentation shows the trend in earnings per ordinary share that is attributable to the underlying trading activities of the total group.
The reconciliation between the basic and adjusted figures for the group is as follows:
Year to 31st December 2011 | Year to 31st December 2010 | |||||||
£m | Earningsper sharepence | £m | Earningsper sharepence | |||||
Profit attributable to equity shareholdersfor basic earnings per share calculation | 57.0 | 33.8 | 21.8 | 12.9 | ||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiary (after taxation) | - | - | (11.2) | (6.6) | ||||
Adjustment to defined benefit pension past service cost (after taxation) | - | - | (5.0) | (3.0) | ||||
Profit on property disposals (after taxation) | (0.5) | (0.3) | (0.2) | (0.1) | ||||
Goodwill impairment (after taxation) | - | - | 30.3 | 17.9 | ||||
Onerous contract provision (after taxation) | - | - | 7.3 | 4.3 | ||||
Pre-contract and commissioning costs (after taxation) | - | - | 2.3 | 1.4 | ||||
Restructuring costs (after taxation) | 2.1 | 1.2 | 7.6 | 4.5 | ||||
Strategy implementation costs (after taxation) | 6.2 | 3.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 | ||||
Transaction costs (after taxation) | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.4 | ||||
Change in long term employee benefits (after taxation) | (2.2) | (1.3) | - | - | ||||
Amortisation of customer contracts (after taxation) | 17.7 | 10.5 | 16.1 | 9.5 | ||||
Impact of UK tax rate reduction | (0.1) | (0.1) | (0.1) | (0.1) | ||||
Adjusted earnings | 81.8 | 48.4 | 70.6 | 41.7 | ||||
Diluted basic earnings | 33.7 | 12.9 | ||||||
Diluted adjusted earnings | 48.4 | 41.7 |
8 Goodwill
2011£m | 2010£m | |||
Cost | ||||
At 1st January | 502.3 | 503.8 | ||
Acquisitions (note 15) | - | 8.9 | ||
Disposal (note i) | - | (12.5) | ||
Currency translation | (9.1) | 2.1 | ||
At 31st December | 493.2 | 502.3 | ||
Accumulated amortisation and impairment | ||||
At 1st January | (74.2) | (42.1) | ||
Impairment | - | (34.1) | ||
Disposal (note i) | - | 2.2 | ||
Currency translation | 0.9 | (0.2) | ||
At 31st December | (73.3) | (74.2) | ||
Net book amount at 31st December | 419.9 | 428.1 |
(i) This relates to goodwill disposed on exiting the Swedish direct sales business in 2010.
During the year, goodwill was tested for impairment in accordance with IAS 36 'Impairment of assets'. No impairment has been recognised in 2011. In 2010, an impairment charge of £21.0 million was made in relation the UK Decontamination business and £13.1 million in relation to the German Healthcare business.
The allocation to reportable segments is as follows:
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Impairment charge£m | Net book amount of goodwill£m | Impairmentcharge£m | Net book amount of goodwill£m | |||||
Textile maintenance UK and Ireland | - | 36.2 | - | 36.2 | ||||
Textile maintenance Nordic | - | 243.3 | - | 247.4 | ||||
Textile maintenance Continent | - | 126.4 | 13.1 | 130.5 | ||||
Clinical Solutions and Decontamination | - | 14.0 | 21.0 | 14.0 | ||||
Total | - | 419.9 | 34.1 | 428.1 |
The group's goodwill is allocated across 17 cash-generating units (CGUs). The recoverable amount of each CGU is based on value-in-use calculations. These calculations require the use of estimates and use pre-tax cash flow projections based on the group's current three-year strategic plan. Cash flows beyond the three-year period have been generally extrapolated using an estimated growth rate of 2% depending upon the CGU and are appropriate because these are long-term businesses. The main assumptions on which forecast cash flows have been based are revenue, operating margin and cash growth. The growth rates used are consistent with the long-term average growth rates for the industry. Projected cash flows have been discounted using pre-tax discount rates of 11%-13% depending upon the CGU in both 2011 and 2010. The discount rates have been revised to reflect the latest market assumptions for the Risk Free-rates and Equity Risk Premiums and also to take into account the net cost of debt. Impairment tests are carried out annually, or when indicators show that assets may be impaired.
The German Healthcare business has undergone significant restructuring over the last three years and an impairment charge of £13.1 million was recognised in 2010. An impairment review in accordance with the approach and assumptions outlined above has been carried out and no impairment was recognised as the recoverable amount of goodwill and net assets exceeded its carrying value by 10%. The key assumptions used for the value-in-use calculation are:
- Modest revenue growth each year excess of long term growth rate achieved for the next two years
- Continued margin improvement to higher single digits over the next four years noting that the current operating margin is maintained at 7%
- 100% of profit converting to free cash flow
If the above assumptions are not achieved then further impairment may become necessary.
Clinical Solutions has performed below expectations for cash during the year. An impairment review in accordance with the approach and assumptions outlined above has been carried out and no impairment was recognised as the recoverable amount of goodwill and net assets exceeded its carrying value by 9%. The key assumptions used for the value-in-use calculation are that revenues, operating profit and free cash flow are maintained at the current levels. If these assumptions are not achieved then impairment may become necessary.
9 Other intangible assets
Computersoftware£m | Intellectualpropertyrights£m | Customercontracts£m | Total£m | |||||
Cost | ||||||||
At 1st January 2011 | 38.0 | 1.4 | 157.2 | 196.6 | ||||
Acquisitions (note 15) | - | - | 12.7 | 12.7 | ||||
Additions | 3.1 | - | - | 3.1 | ||||
Disposals | (0.7) | - | (3.6) | (4.3) | ||||
Currency translation | (0.6) | - | (3.0) | (3.6) | ||||
At 31st December 2011 | 39.8 | 1.4 | 163.3 | 204.5 | ||||
Aggregate amortisation | ||||||||
At 1st January 2011 | 21.7 | 1.4 | 82.2 | 105.3 | ||||
Charge for the year | 5.6 | - | 24.0 | 29.6 | ||||
Disposals | (0.6) | - | (3.3) | (3.9) | ||||
Currency translation | (0.5) | - | (2.1) | (2.6) | ||||
At 31st December 2011 | 26.2 | 1.4 | 100.8 | 128.4 | ||||
Net book amount at 31st December 2011 | 13.6 | - | 62.5 | 76.1 | ||||
Net book amount at 31st December 2010 | 16.3 | - | 75.0 | 91.3 |
Computersoftware£m | Intellectualpropertyrights£m | Customercontracts£m | Total£m | |||||
Cost | ||||||||
At 1st January 2010 | 36.3 | 1.4 | 112.3 | 150.0 | ||||
Acquisitions | − | − | 43.6 | 43.6 | ||||
Adjustments to provisional fair value (note i) | − | − | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||||
Additions | 4.6 | − | − | 4.6 | ||||
Disposal of subsidiary | (0.5) | − | − | (0.5) | ||||
Disposals | (1.8) | − | − | (1.8) | ||||
Currency translation | (0.6) | − | 0.8 | 0.2 | ||||
At 31st December 2010 | 38.0 | 1.4 | 157.2 | 196.6 | ||||
Aggregate amortisation | ||||||||
At 1st January 2010 | 19.1 | 1.4 | 61.5 | 82.0 | ||||
Charge for the year | 4.9 | − | 21.6 | 26.5 | ||||
Disposal of subsidiary | (0.3) | − | − | (0.3) | ||||
Disposals | (1.7) | − | − | (1.7) | ||||
Currency translation | (0.3) | − | (0.9) | (1.2) | ||||
At 31st December 2010 | 21.7 | 1.4 | 82.2 | 105.3 | ||||
Net book amount at 31st December 2010 | 16.3 | − | 75.0 | 91.3 | ||||
Net book amount at 31st December 2009 | 17.2 | − | 50.8 | 68.0 |
(i) This relates to the finalisation of fair values for acquisitions in 2009 where the amount has been reclassified from property, plant and equipment. It is not considered material for the restatement of comparative information.
All amortisation charges have been charged through other operating expenses. The following useful lives have been determined for the intangible assets acquired during the year:
- Computer software - three to five years.
- Intellectual property rights - three to five years.
- Customer contracts - two to five years.
10 Property, plant and equipment
Land andbuildings£m | Plant andmachinery£m | Textile assets and washroom equipment£m | Total£m | |||||
Cost | ||||||||
At 1st January 2011 | 248.5 | 498.3 | 624.8 | 1,371.6 | ||||
Additions at cost | 5.5 | 26.6 | 131.3 | 163.4 | ||||
Acquisitions (note 15) | - | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | ||||
Disposals | (1.8) | (27.1) | (162.0) | (190.9) | ||||
Currency translation | (4.6) | (7.2) | (12.3) | (24.1) | ||||
At 31st December 2011 | 247.6 | 490.8 | 582.6 | 1,321.0 | ||||
Accumulated depreciation | ||||||||
At 1st January 2011 | 85.9 | 326.2 | 425.1 | 837.2 | ||||
Charge for the year | 8.4 | 37.8 | 117.7 | 163.9 | ||||
Disposals | (0.3) | (25.1) | (160.1) | (185.5) | ||||
Currency translation | (2.0) | (4.9) | (8.5) | (15.4) | ||||
At 31st December 2011 | 92.0 | 334.0 | 374.2 | 800.2 | ||||
Net book amount at 31st December 2011 | 155.6 | 156.8 | 208.4 | 520.8 | ||||
Net book amount at 31st December 2010 | 162.6 | 172.1 | 199.7 | 534.4 |
Land andbuildings£m | Plant andmachinery£m | Textile assets and washroom equipment£m | Total£m | |||||
Cost | ||||||||
At 1st January 2010 | 235.8 | 508.5 | 693.8 | 1,438.1 | ||||
Acquisitions | 2.1 | 1.2 | 4.2 | 7.5 | ||||
Additions at cost | 16.6 | 32.4 | 117.9 | 166.9 | ||||
Transfer from assets held for sale | 0.9 | - | - | 0.9 | ||||
Adjustment to provisional fair value (note i) | - | (0.5) | - | (0.5) | ||||
Disposal of subsidiary | (0.3) | (5.3) | - | (5.6) | ||||
Disposals | (2.1) | (35.6) | (182.2) | (219.9) | ||||
Currency translation | (4.5) | (2.4) | (8.9) | (15.8) | ||||
At 31st December 2010 | 248.5 | 498.3 | 624.8 | 1,371.6 | ||||
Accumulated depreciation | ||||||||
At 1st January 2010 | 79.8 | 329.4 | 493.6 | 902.8 | ||||
Charge for the year | 9.0 | 36.9 | 117.0 | 162.9 | ||||
Transfer from assets held for sale | (0.4) | - | - | (0.4) | ||||
Disposal of subsidiary | (0.1) | (3.5) | - | (3.6) | ||||
Disposals | (1.0) | (34.0) | (179.3) | (214.3) | ||||
Currency translation | (1.4) | (2.6) | (6.2) | (10.2) | ||||
At 31st December 2010 | 85.9 | 326.2 | 425.1 | 837.2 | ||||
Net book amount at 31st December 2010 | 162.6 | 172.1 | 199.7 | 534.4 | ||||
Net book amount at 31st December 2009 | 156.0 | 179.1 | 200.2 | 535.3 |
(i) This relates to the finalisation of fair values for acquisitions in 2009 where the amount has been reclassified from property, plant and equipment. It is not considered material for the restatement of comparative information.
11 Borrowings
Current | As at31st December2011£m | As at31st December2010£m | ||
Bank loans - unsecured | 0.1 | - | ||
Finance lease obligations | 2.8 | 3.1 | ||
2.9 | 3.1 |
Non-current | As at31st December2011£m | As at31st December2010£m | ||
Private Placement notes - unsecured | 357.6 | 357.7 | ||
Bank loans - unsecured | 239.5 | 246.9 | ||
597.1 | 604.6 | |||
Finance lease obligations | 5.5 | 6.5 | ||
602.6 | 611.1 |
Bank loans are denominated in a number of currencies and bear interest based on LIBOR or foreign equivalents appropriate to the currency in which the borrowing is incurred together with a margin as appropriate.
The effective interest rates (EIR) for the group's bank borrowings (including interest rate swaps) by currency at the balance sheet date were as follows:
As at 31st December 2011 | As at 31st December 2010 | |||||||
| £m | EIR % | £m | EIR % | ||||
Borrowings under the revolving credit facilities | ||||||||
Sterling | 97.0 | 2.14 | 43.0 | 1.12 | ||||
Euro | 46.0 | 5.23 | 53.4 | 4.10 | ||||
Danish krone | 45.1 | 5.29 | 46.0 | 4.51 | ||||
Swedish krona | 52.1 | 4.78 | 101.4 | 2.74 | ||||
240.2 | 3.89 | 243.8 | 3.09 | |||||
Borrowings under the private placement (2006) | ||||||||
Euro | 62.8 | 4.52 | 64.2 | 4.36 | ||||
Danish krone | 52.0 | 2.67 | 53.5 | 2.74 | ||||
Swedish krona | 66.1 | 4.49 | 67.2 | 4.32 | ||||
Currency translation | (15.9) | - | (19.6) | − | ||||
165.0 | 3.98 | 165.3 | 3.88 | |||||
Borrowings under the private placement (2009) | ||||||||
Sterling | 25.0 | 5.74 | 25.0 | 5.74 | ||||
Euro | 144.8 | 5.22 | 148.0 | 5.22 | ||||
Currency translation | 22.8 | - | 19.4 | − | ||||
192.6 | 5.30 | 192.4 | 5.29 | |||||
Unamortised loan costs | (4.2) | - | (0.8) | − | ||||
Other bank borrowings | ||||||||
Euro | 3.6 | 5.00 | 3.9 | 5.22 | ||||
597.2 | 4.33 | 604.6 | 3.97 |
In July 2011, the group refinanced its two existing revolving credit facilities, of £420 million and €200 million to a new revolving credit facility for €535 million. This facility expires on 15th July 2016. Borrowing costs of £4.0 million were capitalised in the year.
In December 2009, the group issued private placement notes of US$259 million and £25 million. The US$259 million was immediately swapped into euros.
In May 2006, the group issued private placement notes of US$250 million which were immediately swapped into a basket of Danish krone, Swedish krona and euros.
The private placement amounts in the table above are stated at the year end exchange rates.
11 Borrowings (continued)
As underlying currencies have been swapped from US dollars via derivative contracts on which the group has a gain on financial instruments which is offset by the currency translation loss on the underlying borrowing noted above. The borrowing under the US private placements of £357.6 million reflects the £25 million, the US$509 million translated at the year end sterling to dollar rate and the impact of fair value hedge movement.
Fair value of financial assets and liabilities
As at 31st December 2011 | As at 31st December 2010 | |||||||
Book value£m | Fair value£m | Book value£m | Fair value£m | |||||
Long-term borrowings | (602.6) | (659.1) | (611.1) | (653.5) | ||||
Fair value of other financial assets and liabilities | ||||||||
Short-term borrowings | (2.9) | (2.9) | (3.1) | (3.1) | ||||
Trade and other payables | (58.7) | (58.7) | (61.9) | (61.9) | ||||
Trade and other receivables | 127.7 | 127.7 | 135.7 | 135.7 | ||||
Short-term bank deposits | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | ||||
Cash at bank and in hand | 91.6 | 91.6 | 72.6 | 72.6 |
The fair value of the group's fixed rate loans are based on available market information at the balance sheet date and are calculated by discounting expected future cash flows using the appropriate yield curve. The book values of floating rate borrowings approximate their fair value.
Maturity of financial liabilities
As at 31st December 2011 | As at 31st December 2010 | |||||||||||
Borrowings£m | Finance leases£m | Total£m | Borrowings£m | Finance leases£m | Total£m | |||||||
Within one year | 0.1 | 2.8 | 2.9 | - | 3.1 | 3.1 | ||||||
In more than one year but not more than two years | 0.2 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 244.3 | 3.1 | 247.4 | ||||||
Over two years but not more than five years | 358.6 | 2.6 | 361.2 | 38.8 | 3.4 | 42.2 | ||||||
Over five years | 238.3 | - | 238.3 | 321.5 | - | 321.5 | ||||||
597.2 | 8.3 | 605.5 | 604.6 | 9.6 | 614.2 |
Borrowing facilities
The group has the following undrawn committed borrowing facilities available at 31st December and on which it incurs commitment fees at market rates:
As at31st December2011£m | As at31st December2010£m | |||
Expiring in less than two years | - | 347.5 | ||
Expiring in more than two years | 208.0 | − | ||
208.0 | 347.5 |
The minimum lease payments under finance leases fall due as follows:
As at31st December2011£m | As at31st December2010£m | |||
Not later than one year | 3.1 | 3.4 | ||
Later than one year but not more than five | 5.4 | 6.7 | ||
8.5 | 10.1 | |||
Future finance charges on finance leases | (0.2) | (0.5) | ||
Present value of finance lease liabilities | 8.3 | 9.6 |
12 Provisions
Vacantproperties£m | Restructuring£m | Propertydisposals£m | Onerous contract provision £m | Total£m | ||||||
At 1st January 2011 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 9.9 | 15.2 | |||||
Charged in the year | - | 8.4 | - | - | 8.4 | |||||
Utilised in the year | (0.2) | (8.6) | - | (4.4) | (13.2) | |||||
Currency translation | - | 0.3 | - | - | 0.3 | |||||
At 31st December 2011 | 0.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 5.5 | 10.7 | |||||
Represented by: | ||||||||||
Non-current | - | - | 2.5 | 2.0 | 4.5 | |||||
Current | 0.2 | 2.5 | - | 3.5 | 6.2 | |||||
0.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 5.5 | 10.7 |
Vacant properties
Vacant property provisions are made in respect of vacant and partly sub-let leasehold properties to the extent that the future rental payments are expected to exceed future rental income. It is further assumed, where reasonable, that the properties will be able to be sub-let beyond the present sub-let lease agreements.
Restructuring
Restructuring provisions comprise largely of employee termination payments and are not recognised for future operating losses.
Property disposals
The group has outstanding warranties, indemnities and guarantees given previously on a number of properties operated by businesses which have been disposed. The majority of these expire in 2017 with the remaining expiring by 2022.
Onerous contract provision
A provision for £9.9 million was recognised for the two decontamination contracts which were considered to be onerous as at 31st December 2010. The provision is being utilised principally in the first two years, and the contracts are not expected to be loss-making after four years. The utilisation of the provision is shown in other operating expenses in the income statement. If this assumption is not achieved, further provisioning may be required.
13 Cash flow from operating activities
Reconciliation of operating profit to net cash inflow from operating activities:
Total group | ||||
Cash generated from operations | Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | ||
Profit for the year | 57.5 | 22.4 | ||
Adjustments for: | ||||
Taxation | 21.8 | 12.2 | ||
Goodwill impairment | - | 34.1 | ||
Onerous contract provision | - | 9.9 | ||
Pre-contract and commissioning costs written off | - | 3.3 | ||
Amortisation of intangible assets | 29.6 | 26.5 | ||
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment | 163.9 | 162.9 | ||
Profit on sale of subsidiary | - | (11.4) | ||
Profit on property disposals | - | (0.2) | ||
Profit on sale of plant and equipment | (1.1) | (0.9) | ||
Amendment to pension scheme past service cost | - | (7.0) | ||
Change to long term employee benefits | (3.1) | - | ||
Restructuring costs (non-cash element) | 1.8 | 5.6 | ||
Finance income | (1.7) | (1.3) | ||
Finance costs | 29.7 | 28.1 | ||
Other movements | (1.9) | 0.4 | ||
Changes in working capital (excluding effect of acquisitions, disposals and exchange differences on consolidation): | ||||
Inventories | (1.8) | (6.3) | ||
Trade and other receivables | 7.2 | (6.2) | ||
Trade and other payables | 0.9 | 13.2 | ||
Provisions | (11.2) | (6.5) | ||
Cash generated from operations | 291.6 | 278.8 |
In the cash flow statement, proceeds from sale of property (including assets held for sale), plant and equipment comprise:
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
Net book amount | 3.7 | 5.6 | ||
Profit on sale of property, plant and equipment | 1.1 | 1.1 | ||
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment | 4.8 | 6.7 |
14 Reconciliation of net cash flow to movement in net debt
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
Increase/(decrease) in cash | 19.9 | (197.1) | ||
Cash outflow from movement in debt and lease financing | 10.6 | 166.4 | ||
Decrease/(increase) in net debt resulting from cash flows | 30.5 | (30.7) | ||
New finance leases | (2.5) | (4.7) | ||
Bank loans and lease obligations acquired with subsidiaries | - | (2.8) | ||
Currency translation | (1.4) | (17.1) | ||
Movement in net debt in year | 26.6 | (55.3) | ||
Net debt at beginning of year | (540.2) | (484.9) | ||
Net debt at end of year | (513.6) | (540.2) |
15 Acquisitions and disposals
Acquisitions
During the year the group acquired the trade and assets of a number of textile maintenance businesses.
Details of the provisional fair values of the assets and liabilities are set out below:
TotalProvisionalfair values£m | ||||
Intangible assets (note 9) | 12.7 | |||
Property, plant and equipment (note 10) | 1.0 | |||
Trade and other receivables | 0.3 | |||
Trade and other payables | (0.1) | |||
Deferred tax liabilities | (0.8) | |||
Net assets acquired | 13.1 | |||
Goodwill | - | |||
Consideration | 13.1 | |||
Consideration satisfied by: | ||||
Cash | 12.7 | |||
Deferred consideration | 0.4 | |||
13.1 |
The fair value amounts contain provisional amounts which will be finalised in the accounts for the year ended 31st December 2012.
Acquisition costs of £0.3 million are included in the income statement in the exceptional items (note 4).
The fair value of trade and other receivables is £0.3 million and includes trade receivables with a fair value of £0.3 million. The gross contractual amount for trade receivables due is £0.3 million and is expected to be collected in full.
Shown below is the revenue and profit for the year after tax as if the above acquisitions had been made at the beginning of the period.
The information may not be indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred had the purchase been made at the beginning of the period presented or the future results of the combined operations.
2011£m | ||
Revenue | 8.0 | |
Profit after tax | 1.3 |
From the date of acquisition to 31st December 2011, the above acquisitions contributed £4.2 million to revenue and £0.6 million to the profit after tax for the year.
15 Acquisitions and disposals (continued)
During the year the group paid deferred consideration on previous acquisitions. A reconciliation of the total net cash paid for acquisitions is provided:
£m | ||
Cash consideration, net of cash acquired | 12.7 | |
Deferred consideration paid for previous acquisitions | 1.0 | |
13.7 |
The group made several acquisitions during the year ended 31st December 2010. Certain of the fair values assigned to these net assets at the date of acquisition were provisional and in accordance with IFRS 3 Business Combinations. The group has finalised the fair values attributable to property, plant and equipment and customer contracts and this has not had a material impact on the consolidated accounts.
16 Pension commitments
Defined contribution schemes
Pension costs for defined contribution schemes are as follows:
Year to31st December2011£m | Year to31st December2010£m | |||
Defined contribution schemes (note i) | 12.2 | 19.2 |
(i) Total included within staff costs.
Defined benefit plans
Within the United Kingdom, the group principally operates a registered defined benefit scheme (The Davis Service Group Retirement Benefits Scheme). There was a triennial valuation in February 2010. In 2011, £5 million (2010: £6 million) was contributed to the fund, with a further £5 million planned in 2012.
Overseas, the only significant defined benefit pension arrangements are the defined benefit scheme operated in Ireland and unfunded schemes within Sweden, Germany and Norway. Under such schemes the group discharges its pension obligations through schemes administered by insurance companies or government agencies.
The overall surplus on the funded plans is £6.8 million (of which £10.3 million surplus is in respect of the main UK plan). There is a deficit of £35.0 million on unfunded plans.
Where a defined benefit scheme is administered by an insurance company with a collective of other companies and the insurance company is unable to assess the share of the group's pension obligation, the pension scheme has been accounted for as a defined contribution scheme.
As at31st December2011£m | As at31st December2010£m | |||
The amounts recognised in the balance sheet are determined as follows: | ||||
Present value of obligations | (279.3) | (242.0) | ||
Fair value of plan assets | 251.1 | 238.4 | ||
Net liability recognised in balance sheet | (28.2) | (3.6) | ||
Analysed as: | ||||
Pension scheme surplus | 10.3 | 22.5 | ||
Pension scheme deficit and unfunded schemes | (38.5) | (26.1) | ||
(28.2) | (3.6) |
17 Contingent liabilities
The group operates from 130 laundries across Europe. Some of the sites have operated as laundry sites for many years, and historic environmental liabilities may exist, although the group has indemnities from third parties in respect of a number of sites. The extent of these liabilities and the cover provided by the indemnities are reviewed where appropriate with the relevant third party. The company is currently defending a legal claim to the warranties received for any environmental damage that might have existed when it purchased laundry sites in Sweden and Holland. The company expects to have its warranties, which were contractually received in a clear and unequivocal manner, to be confirmed in full. The company does not expect to incur any significant loss in respect of these or any other sites.
18 Related parties
There have been no significant related party transactions in the year ended 31st December 2011 (2010: nil).
19 Principal risks and uncertainties
The company believes the following to be the principal risks and uncertainties facing the group. If any of these risks occur the company's business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted.
In the continually challenging economic environment certain risks may gain greater prominence either individually or when taken together and accordingly their potential impact on the group's business, financial condition and results of operations may be exacerbated.
1) Delivering sustainable organic growth
Risk description | Mitigation |
Our core growth business areas do not sustain revenue growth rates of GDP + 1%-2%. | ·; New organisational structure now in place which will give more focus on growth areas. ·; Sales management enforced with central sales directors for workwear, cleanroom, mats and washroom, and UK flat linen (core growth areas). ·; Increased focus on efficiency of our sales force to ensure we are getting appropriate returns for our investment in sales. ·; Monthly management accounts distributed to the board include regional and group key performance indicators on revenue, contract gains and customer loss. |
Potential impact | |
·; Reduction in future profitability and cash flow. ·; Revenue growth below expectations. | |
Risk description | Mitigation |
Further economic downturn.
| ·; Long range plans for business lines to 2014 prepared. ·; Tight and closely monitored controls over capital expenditure and working capital including capital efficiency review. ·; Monitoring of various lead indicators against experience in 2008/9, including hotel and workwear volumes. |
Potential impact | |
·; Reduction in future profitability and cash flow. ·; Adverse pressure on pricing and margins. ·; Revenue growth below expectations. ·; Limit to ability to complete strategy. |
2) Maintaining a sound financial position/improving capital efficiency
Risk description Movements in exchange rates adversely affect the translation of our group results into UK sterling.
Potential impact ·; Unexpected variations in group net earnings.
Risk description | Mitigation ·; Borrowings in currencies to provide hedge against investments in majority of overseas net assets in Euro, DKK and SEK (no exposure to investments in Greece, Italy, Turkey, Spain or Portugal).
Mitigation ·; ROIC target set at 10% for the medium term. ·; Delegations of authority updated. ·; Post-acquisition procedure to monitor returns on investments made, compared to those targeted. ·; Ongoing Capital Efficiency Programme to reduce levels of working capital. |
·; Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) is not sufficiently greater than the group's cost of capital.
| |
Potential impact | |
·; Lack of funds for future investments. ·; Reduction in future profitability and cash flow. | |
2) Maintaining a sound financial position/improving capital efficiency (continued)
Risk description | Mitigation |
Failure to improve the performance of the Decontamination business during 2012.
Potential impact ·; Reduction in future profitability and cash flow. ·; Failure to deliver targeted growth in turnover. ·; Potential loss of management reputation and credibility.
| ·; The board receives regular updates on progress from UK management. ·; Efficiency initiatives put in place - 2011 loss £4.4m (2010 £5.4m). ·; Ongoing discussions regarding future options. ·; No further investments planned.
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3) Improving financial returns by leveraging operational efficiency
Risk description | Mitigation ·; Documented and evaluated business continuity plans including identification of alternative production locations. ·; Fire protection/security procedures and regular internal audits of compliance. ·; Independent surveys to assess the design and effectiveness of plant fire protection, security and business continuity arrangements. ·; Comprehensive Property Damage and Business Interruption insurance. |
Unforeseen loss capacity.
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Potential impact | |
·; Inability to service customer requirements ·; Adverse impact on reputation. | |
Risk description | Mitigation |
One of our major textile suppliers is unexpectedly unable to meet our textile requirements, or the pricing of cotton significantly destabilises buying patterns and increases input costs.
| ·; Regular risk assessment of our major textile suppliers considering social, political and economic factors. ·; Identification of alternative production sources. ·; Purchase of stock up to three months prior to delivery to reduce risk. ·; Secured availability of alternative stocks in the event of serious interruption to supply. ·; Where appropriate we have the ability to pass higher input costs on to customers.
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Potential impact | |
·; Shortage of textiles. ·; Inability to service new and existing customer requirements. | |
4) Maintaining a motivated workforce driven by an experienced management team
Risk description | Mitigation ·; New Group Director, Human Resources appointed in May 2011. ·; Executive Board reviewed short and long term incentive arrangements. ·; New short term and long term incentive plans in place, aligned with business line targets. ·; Executive Board regularly reviews current and future management requirements.
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Inadequate talent management and inability to recruit and retain sufficiently qualified and experienced senior management.
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Potential impact | |
·; Lack of internal succession to key management roles within the group in the event of unexpected departure. ·; Short/medium term disruption to the business. ·; Loss of key personnel. ·; Shortage of appropriately skilled management.
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5) Maintaining health and safety as a priority
Risk description | Mitigation ·; Local health, safety and fire management systems. ·; Regularly updated and monitored cleaning and maintenance programmes. ·; Prompt incident reporting procedures to senior management with subsequent monitoring. ·; Regular board review of major incidents and statistics. |
Breach of health and safety regulations or lack of cleanliness of staff and/or facilities.
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Potential impact | |
·; Damage to our reputation. ·; Loss of licence to operate. | |
6) Reducing our impact on the environment
Risk description | Mitigation |
Non-compliance with group Corporate Responsibility (CR) policies including environmental policy. | ·; Board approved CR Policies communicated to the business. |
·; Recording and monitoring of water, electricity, chemicals and oil/gas costs. | |
Potential impact | ·; Research programmes with suppliers to reduce water, energy and chemical usage rates. |
·; Loss of licence to operate ·; Loss of goodwill and/or damage to reputation. ·; Significant stakeholder concern. | ·; Development and maintenance of procedures to monitor compliance with the United Nations Global Compact's ten principles. |
·; Prompt incident reporting procedures to senior management and subsequent monitoring. | |
Risk description | Mitigation |
Discovery of historic environmental issues at laundries. | ·; Established incident reporting procedures to senior management with subsequent monitoring. |
Potential impact | ·; Indemnities with previous owners that cover a number of acquired sites. |
·; Emergence of unaccounted for liability. | ·; The extent and coverage of these indemnities are reviewed with the relevant third party as appropriate. |
·; Adverse impact on cash flow and retained earnings. | ·; Defence of these indemnities is vigorously prosecuted. |
·; Damage to our reputation. | |
20 Forward-looking statements
This announcement contains certain statements about the future outlook for the group. Although the company believes that expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, any statements about future outlook may be influenced by factors that could cause actual outcomes and results to be materially different. These forward-looking statements speak only as at the date of this announcement. The company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, save in respect of any requirement under applicable law or regulation. Factors that may affect the group's operations are described in section 19 "Principal risks and uncertainties" above.
21 Responsibility statements
The company's Annual Report for the year ended 31st December 2011, which will be published on 15th March 2012, contains the following statement regarding responsibility for the financial statements and management report included in the Annual Report:
In accordance with DTR 4.1.12, each of the directors confirms that, to the best of their knowledge:
i) the financial statements of the group, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU, and the financial statements of the company, prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole; and
ii) the management report, which is incorporated into the Directors' Report, includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and the position of the company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties they face.
By order of the board
David Lawler
Company Secretary
23rd February 2012
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